Permanent Water Hardness of Water Sources from Pshs-Irc by Indirect Titration free essay sample

Titration Researchers Anna Marie S. Cabatbat Crystal Jill R. Mangsat Jan Michael Maturan Charlene Lou A. More pleasant Arian Paul D. Norcio Submitted to the Faculty of the Philippine Science High School †Ilocos Region Campus in halfway satisfaction of the necessities for Science and Technology Research 2 March 2013 ABSTRACT This investigation planned to decide the changeless water hardness regarding calcium carbonate centralization of water tests from the Boys’ quarters, Administration Building, Gymnasium, Girls’ residence, and Canteen of PSHS-IRC along with the business drinking water Nature Spring, Absolute, and Wilkins through aberrant titration. Water hardness was distinguished by the measure of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in ppm. The benchmark group comprising of the marked marketed drinking water had a fixation under 43 ppm of CaCO3 and was considered as delicate dependent on table of water hardness arrangement. The water tests gathered from the Boys’ residence, Administration Building, Gymnasium, Girls’ quarters, and Canteen have CaCO3 fixations more prominent than 43 ppm and were delegated somewhat hard. The water test from the Boys’ residence had the most elevated grouping of 87. 420 ppm and the water test from Gymnasium had the most reduced centralization of 52. 712 ppm. Based from the outcomes, the examples from the various sources contained noteworthy measure of CaCO3 which may create additional issues in pipe obstructing, wellbeing, clothing, and utility from these sources. Endorsement SHEET This proposition entitled â€Å"Permanent Water Hardness of Water Sources from PSHS-IRC by Indirect Titration,† arranged by Anna Marie S. Cabatbat, Crystal Jill R. Mangsat, Jan Michael Maturan, Charlene Lou A. More pleasant, and Arian Paul D. Norcio, in fractional satisfaction of the prerequisites in Science Technology Research 2, has been analyzed on March __, 2013 and passed by the Oral Examination Committee made out of: ANNELLENE H. MADRID STR 2 TEACHER SHARON L. PALOMARES STR 2 TEACHER ROMULO R. MACADANGDANG, JR STR 2 TEACHER Acknowledged and endorsed in fractional satisfaction of the prerequisite in Science Technology Research 2. RONNALEE N. ORTEZA, Ph. D. CISD Chief Date: LARRY L. CABATIC, Ph. D. Grounds Director Date Acknowledgments This examination wouldn’t have been conceivable without the constant direction and help of the accompanying individuals, thus the specialists might want to communicate their most profound thankfulness to: The Philippine Science High School Sysytem for letting the analysts encounters the award to grant and the benefit to encounter Pisay life; Their exploration instructors, Mr. Romulo R. Macadangdang, Jr, for his advantage and shrewdness regarding the matter of Chemistry which is a crucial segment of this examination; Mrs. Sharon L. Palomares, for her legitimized evaluates, appraisals, and proposals for development; and Ms. Annellene H. Madrid, for her ceaseless help as an examination consultant; Ms. Mary Ann R. Lagua, Chemistry II instructor, who acquainted with the scientists the technique for backhanded titration and the equations required for the calculations and quantitative investigation; Mr. Gwynne Micah S. Ritua, an understudy from IV-Photon, for his help on the necessary recipes and constant help on the examination and the specialists; Their family, companions, and bunch mates for the help given and the inspiration that they granted to the scientists for the finishing of the investigation; And, most importantly, to the Lord Jesus Christ for his liberality, love and endless assistance, particularly on this exploration. Anna, Arian, Charlene, Crystal, Jan Michael LIST OF FIGURES No| Description| Page| 1| Process Flowchart| | 2| Summary of Water Hardness| | LIST OF TABLES No| Description| Page| | Hardness scale classification| | 2| Hardness order of various water sources| | 3| Summary of crude data| | LIST OF PLATES No| Description| Page| 1| Collection of water Samples from various sources in PSHS-IRC| | 2| Preparation of Na2CO3 solution| | 3| Boiling of water samples| | 4| Isolation of CaCO3 through filtration| | 5| Rinsing of channel paper in refined water| | 6| Application of methyl o range| | 7| Indirect titration of water samples| | 8| End purpose of the backhanded titrations| | TABLE OF CONTENTS Approval Sheet1 Acknowledgement1 Table of Contents1 List of Figures1 Rundown of Tables1 List of Plates1 Chapter 1 Introduction Background of the study1 Statement of the Problem2 Significance of the Study2 Scope and Limitations3 Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature4 Definition of Terms5 Water Hardness6 Hard Water7 Permanent Hardness8 Calcium Carbonate9 Advantages of Hard Water9 Disadvantages of Hard Water 11 Procedure13 Water Hardness Scale13 Chapter III Methodology14 Process Flow Chart14 Chapter IV-Results and Discussions16 Chapter V †Conclusions and Recommendations19 References1 Appendices1 Curriculum Vitae 1 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study The mechanical business, in the Philippines, yet in addition in the entire world, requires a lot of funding to be capable for upkeep and arrangement. In any case, at certain occasions around here, the entirety of cash that is required for fixes becomes deficient in light of certain elements that influence the hardware, the apparatuses, and the framework in general. One of which is water hardness. Water hardness was at first characterized as the proportion of the limit of the water to hasten cleanser. The assurance of the hardness of water is a gainful appraisal that gauges the nature of water for various use. Hard water isn't terrible for the strength of a person, since drinking hard water just includes a negligible measure of calcium and magnesium toward the absolute human dietary needs. Nonetheless, the National Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) says that taking amazingly hard water may largy affect our calcium and magnesium diet. When warmth is applied to hard water, CaCO3 hastens out, causing stops up in water pipes and modern boilers. This prompts glitch or harm of the machine or water pipes which possibly costly to expel or even fix. Lasting hardness is normal from the sign of the Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+ and SO4-particles. In contrast to brief hardness, this kind of hardness can't be basically evacuated through bubbling. For the most part, this sort of hardness is normally decided through titration for the metal particles to be identified. This investigation intends to decide the water hardness of the examples procured from various sources in Philippine Science High School-Ilocos Region Campus, just as three other marketed drinking water, through backhanded titration. Proclamation of the Problem This investigation expected to decide the perpetual water hardness of various water tests from various sources in Philippine Science High School †Ilocos Region Campus. It looked to: 1. Measure the diverse calcium carbonate convergence of the various examples as far as ppm 2. Arrange the water tests as per their hardness Significance of the Study The information accumulated in this examination would be basic to individuals who need to decide whether the water sources in PSHS-IRC are ok for drinking, washing, washing, and different purposes. Another point of this examination is to look at the changed hardness of water from the various sources in school to the hardness of some business water tests and perceive how the water hardness influences the nature of the business drinking water. Ultimately, this investigation may fill in as a guide and reference for future explores. Degrees and Limitations This exploration is constrained to the assurance of the degree of calcium carbonate focuses from various sources. The outcomes and impacts of the samples’ water hardness past those are excluded from the arrangement of the investigation. Additionally, with exemption to the business water tests utilized, this exploration is just confined to PSHS-IRC’s water gracefully to the various sources and structures. Along these lines, the impacts of the water hardness in this investigation are constrained distinctly to the potential consequences for the frameworks of the said school. The investigation was done on the period of January and February, year 2013. The investigation was led at the science research facility of PSHS-IRC. Section II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Definition of Terms Water Sources the distinctive water sources incorporates the Boys’ quarters, Administration Building, Gymnasium, Girls’ residence, and Canteen of the PSHS-IRC Water Samples these are the water tests utilized for the circuitous titration, and was gathered from the five sources in the PSHS-IRC Soft water is named delicate water when the calcium carbonate focus in it is from 0 to 43 sections for every million (ppm) Indirect Titration the procedure used to decide the hardness of the water tests by utilizing HCl as a titrant and the water tests as analyte Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) Fifty mL of HCl was utilized as a titrant in the aberrant titration procedure to decide the endpoint of the titration Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) Fifty mL of Na2CO3 was added to the water tests to isolate the CaCO3 from the water tests Methyl Orange three drops of methyl orange was added to the water tests to show that the entirety of the CaCO3 was at that point titrated by the titrant, demonstrated by the difference in shading. Water Hardness Water hardness is critical to fish culture and is a regularly detailed part of water quality. It is a proportion of the amount of divalent particles (for this conversation, salts with two positive charges, for example, calcium, magnesium as well as iron in water. There are a wide range of divalent salts; be that as it may, calcium and magnesium are the most well-known wellsprings of water hardness. Hardness is customarily estimated by concoction titration. The hardness of a water test is accounted for in milligrams per liter (same as parts per million, ppm) as calcium carbonate (mg/l CaCO3). Calcium carbonate hardness is a general term that demonstrates the t

Short Speech

The most effective method to be a Successful Sportsman Our legislature has consistently underlined on the significance of sports. Our athletes have gone for abroad rivalries. Miserable to state, be that as it may, our competitors didn't bring back any decorations in the as of late finished up World Olympics. To be a decent athlete, one more likely than not adjusted dinners. It implies that he ought to have a reasonable eating regimen of protein, starch and nutrients. He ought not eat an excess of meat, neither should he eat a lot of greasy nourishments. Second, he should have enough rest and rest. Eight hours of rest for each day is a must.He ought not over-strain himself. Tuning in to music is one acceptable method of unwinding. Third, a great athlete must have customary preparing. In the event that he isn't predictable, he will undoubtedly be linger behind. This requires discipline with respect to the athlete himself. One great update is ‘come no matter what, he should go to the field', and works it out. At last, a magnificent athlete must have a fantastic mentor. A decent mentor will prepare for him and prompt him on some vital focuses and confer to him the necessary aptitude to excel.So keep your finger crossed, athletes, you can in any case make it. (197 words) My closest companion A closest companion is the principal individual who comes in when, out of the entryway, the entire world has gone. A closest companion is one who cherishes reality and you, and will come clean regardless of you. There are heaps of individuals who you make kinship with, yet it is exceptionally elusive a valid and legitimate companion. In any case, I am extremely fortunate that I have a closest companion with whom I can share my sentiments and separation despondency with. His name is Thaqif. He is agreeable, and I am glad to have him as my best friend.He is very well conscious, persevering, and a legitimate individual. Thaqif has every one of those amicable propensities that we look for in a companion, for example, neighborly conduct and consciousness. At long last, Thaqif is straightforward companion. He is very polite and composed individual. He cherishes reality and despise lying. Past that in the event that he commit any errors, he attempts to illuminate the mix-up. All in all, Thaqif is cordial and efficient individual. He adores the individuals who talk truth and to be effective in life he is buckling down. What's more, I am exceptionally glad to have him as my closest companion! 206 words) †How to Protect the Environment† pleasant night sir and companions, I might want to talk about†How to Protect the Environment† First of all, every single one of us can begin by not littering. We should toss our refuse into the trash canister rather than anyplace we like. Another method of ensuring our condition is by keeping our streams clean. We can assume our job by not tossing trash into the streams. In the mean time the manufacturin g plants can quit dumping their harmful waste into them. Also, ranchers ought to keep away from open consuming in their cultivating practice since it dirties the air.Finally, we can rehearse the 3R; Reuse, Reduce and Recycle. Each family should target diminishing the measure of garbage tossed. On the off chance that â€Å"Reuse, Reduce and Recycle† are tried, the measure of refuse tossed and the measure of vitality used to create a portion of the recyclable things can surely be diminished. Plainly, every single one of us can contribute towards the protection of our condition and our endeavors ought to be consistent. Securing our condition implies guaranteeing the presence of our group of people yet to come. With that, bless your heart. (176 words)

Organizational Behavior and Design Essay Example

Authoritative Behavior and Design Essay You are the administrator of a Hotel. You have chosen to apply the Big Five Model so as to comprehend your representatives and their work propensities since it is commonly upheld by an amazing assortment of research. You need to utilize the five elements of character to coordinate people with employments to which they are appropriate. You realize that your clients are requesting and now and then troublesome. Thus the activity is upsetting and causes representatives to feel uncertain. Which character measurement taps a people capacity to adapt to this activity? Talk about. The Big Five Model or the five-factor model of character which is commonly called the Big Five-?has gotten Strong supporting proof. A great collection of research bolsters that five essential measurements underlie all others and envelop a large portion of the huge variety in human character. Research on the Big Five has discovered connections between these character measurements and occupation execution. From the Big Five components I. E. Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional Stability, and Openness to encounter (McCrae Costa, 1 997), the one factor that taps a people capacity to adapt to pressure is Emotional Stability. Let us see the five factors individually and how enthusiastic solidness is the factor responding to our inquiry above. Extroversion incorporates characteristics, for example, amiability, decisiveness, action and chattiness. Extraverts are enthusiastic and idealistic. Self observers are saved as opposed to unpleasant, free as opposed to supporters, even-paced as opposed to drowsy. We will compose a custom paper test on Organizational Behavior and Design explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on Organizational Behavior and Design explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Organizational Behavior and Design explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Extroversion is portrayed by positive sentiments and encounters and is in this way observed as a positive effect (Clark Watson, 1991). It was discovered that Extroversion is a legitimate indicator of execution in occupations described by social association, for example, deals faculty and administrators (Barrack Mount, 1991; Pincher et al. , 1998). Johnson (1997) found a constructive connection among Extroversion and occupation execution of police work force, and clarified this relationship as far as the significant level of cooperation in the police administration. Suitability A pleasing individual is on a very basic level charitable, thoughtful to other people and anxious to support them, and consequently accepts that others will be similarly useful. The unpleasant/opposing individual is egocentric, doubtful of others goals, and serious instead of co-employable. As per Teeth et al. (1991 Agreeableness is a noteworthy indicator Of occupation execution. Serving of mixed greens (1997) found that Agreeableness is identified with preparing achievement. The co-usable nature of pleasing people may prompt accomplishment in occupations where collaboration and client care are significant (edge et al. , 1999). Honesty Conscientiousness alludes to discretion and the dynamic procedure of arranging, sorting out and doing undertakings (Barrack Mount, 1993). The upright individual is deliberate, solid willed and decided. Good faith is showed in accomplishment direction (dedicated and relentless), reliability (capable and cautious) and precision (arranged and sorted out). On the negative side, high Conscientiousness may prompt irritating exactingness, impulsive tidiness or compulsive worker conduct. Low scorers may not really need moral standards, yet they are less demanding in applying them. Barman, White, Pulaski and People (1991) and Hough et al. (1990) found a connection of 0,80 between dependability (a part of Conscientiousness) and employment execution. Different analysts (Barrack Mount, 1991; Barrack, Mount Strauss, 1993; Rink Ferns, 1999) announced huge connections among's Conscientiousness and employment execution. As indicated by Jackets and Weaned (1 996), the relationship adolescents Conscientiousness and employment execution could be credited to the calculated connection among Conscientiousness and uprightness. Besides, self-governance and objective setting impact the connection among Conscientiousness and occupation execution (Barrack Mount, 1993; Barrack et al. , 1993) Emotionally solidness (regularly marked by its opposite, psychotics) this measurement taps a people capacity to withstand pressure. Individuals with positive passionate strength will in general be quiet, fearless, and secure. Those with high negative scores will in general be apprehensive, restless, discouraged and unreliable. Anxious people is an element of typical character showing the general inclination to encounter pessimistic impacts, for example, dread, trouble, shame, outrage, blame and appall. High scorers might be in danger of certain sorts of mental issues. A high Neurotics score demonstrates that an individual is inclined to having silly thoughts, being less ready to control driving forces, and adapting inadequately to pressure. A low Neurotics score is characteristic of passionate soundness. These individuals are generally quiet, collected, loose and ready to confront upsetting circumstances without getting resentful (Hough et al. , 990). HÂ ¶Raman and Massacre (1996) found that Neurotics is an indicator of execution in different occupations. Dunn, Mount, Barrack and Ones (1995) indicated that enthusiastic strength (something contrary to Neurotics) is the second most significant trademark that influences the employability of competitors. In an ongoing report Judge, Higgins, Theories and Barrack (1999) found that Neurotics is conversely identified with work execution. Be that as it may, as indicated by Salad (1 997), Neurotics predicts work execution in specific conditions. Receptiveness to Experience Openness to Experience incorporates dynamic creative mind, stylish affectability, mindfulness to inward emotions, an inclination for assortment, scholarly interest and autonomy of judgment. Individuals scoring low on Openness will in general be ordinary in conduct and preservationist in viewpoint. They favor the recognizable to the novel, and their passionate reactions are to some degree quieted. Individuals scoring high on Openness will in general be offbeat, ready to address authority and arranged to engage new moral, social and political thoughts. Open people are interested about both inward and external universes, and their lives are experientially more extravagant. They are happy to engage clever thoughts and eccentric qualities, and they experience both positive and negative feelings more definitely than do shut people. Research has demonstrated that Openness to Experience is identified with accomplishment in counseling (Hamilton, 1 988), preparing (Barrack Mount, 1991 ; Pincher et al. , 1998) and adjusting to change. Conversely, Johnson (1997) found that effective representatives (contrasted and ineffective workers) acquired essentially lower Scores on Openness. Teeth et al. (1 991 ) revealed that Openness to Experience is anything but a legitimate indicator of employment execution. A Seibel clarification for the opposing outcomes with respect to the connection between Openness to Experience and occupation execution is that various employments have various prerequisites. Taking everything into account, as indicated by the Social Science Dictionary, enthusiastic solidness is people relentlessness of mind-set, their capacity to withstand minor mishaps, disappointments, challenges, and different worries without turning out to be disturbed inwardly. Sincerely steady people endure minor anxieties and strains of everyday living without getting genuinely annoyed, on edge, anxious, tense, or furious. They can keep up poise under minor passionate pressure. They are genuinely consistent in their fundamental mind-set, and they for the most part return rapidly to that state following those events when they have encountered significant pressure or have been extraordinarily incited which might be a regular case in serving Hotel clients. The shaky individual, then again, is liable to genuinely wide, visit, and frequently flighty disposition moves that may swing from shaft to post. Basically, enthusiastic security alludes to a people capacity to resist the urge to panic or level when confronted with weight or stress. Somebody who is touchy is increasingly unstable, which implies the individual faces an expanded danger of demanding with brutal or destructive practices when incited. Individuals with positive passionate solidness will in general be quiet, self-assured, and secure. Those with high negative scores will in general be neo. us, on edge, discouraged, and uncertain. A laborers enthusiastic state impacts client assistance, which impacts levels of rehash business and levels of consumer loyalty. Giving quality client assistance sets expectations for workers since it frequently places them in a condition of enthusiastic disharmony. After some time, this state can prompt employment burnout, decreases in work execution, and lower work fulfillment. Likewise, representatives feelings may likewise be moved to the client. Studies show a coordinating impact among worker and client feelings, which B specialists call passionate infection, the getting of feelings from others. How accomplishes enthusiastic infection work? The essential clarification is that when somebody encounters constructive feelings and chuckles and grins at you, you start to duplicate that people conduct. So when representatives express positive feelings, clients will in general react emphatically. Passionate disease is significant in light of the fact that when clients get the positive dispositions Or feelings of representatives, they feel urged to visit once more. The refrain likewise works if there should arise an occurrence of negative feelings and states of mind. At the point when a representative is crotchety or awful, these negative feelings will in general effectsly affect clients. 2. Your supervisory group is comprised of individuals who are totally different in their ways of life and their phases of life. Metastases is a 23-year-old single parent who is wo

The Coolest Thing I Have Done Lately Essay - 550 Words

The Coolest Thing I Have Done Lately (Essay Sample) Content: NameProfessorCourseDateThe Coolest Thing I Have Done LatelyTravelling and exploring new places has always been my hobby from childhood. Every summer holiday, my family goes on holiday to a place we have never been before, and some time I get to join my friends for summer camp. The previous holiday, I decided to try out something that I have never done before; voluntary work. One of my friends from a community college asked me to join him in a voluntary job at a nearby hospital where he was planning to spend his holiday. I was hesitant at first, because I would miss out joining my parent for vacation. From childhood, I have perceived voluntary work as a waste of time. However, my perception changed after working as a physician volunteer in a hospital. Today, I encourage people to try out voluntary work, especially those who are undecided about the career they want to pursue. Working as a volunteer in a health institution was a new experience for me. I was exposed to a totally new world, and working was a terrible experience for me during the first week. I could not handle the smell of the medicine, I was moved by the pain I saw in some patients, and watching some people well up because they could tell whether their sick relatives would not make. At some point I felt like quitting, but after the first week, I got used to my voluntary job as well as the patients. One of the reasons why I decided to stay and keep the job rather than quit was that, I realized that I was engaged in an activity that involved caring for humanity. Working as a physician assistant, required that help in taking care of the patients, feeding, and simply talking to them. Later, I began to enjoy my voluntary job, especially after learning that the people in the institution were very friendly. Also, as a volunteer I learnt that I played a very important role in the life of the patients. Most of the time, I would assist the patients to walk to other rooms and outside, talk with them, read stories to the sick kids, and help them take their medication as authorized by the physician. I would also bring them flowers, newspapers and basket gifts. Every time I did these things, I realized that I brightened the patients day and gave them the hope. One of my favorite patient kid, Brandon, always told me that he would forget that he was in hospital whenever I spent time with him. This is because I would put a smile on his face by reading stories and with my singing, which he loved. By the ...

The African American Culture And Consciousness From The...

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Philadelphia Museum Of Art Essay Example For Students

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Internship Report

Executive Summary Almutlaq Holding Company specializes in the manufacturing and selling of furniture. The vision of the company is to raise the level of performance and increased productivity locally and internationally. In realizing this long-term vision, the company is currently changing some activities in order to be a franchise system. This plan will cover the Gulf region and the Middle East on completion.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Internship specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is also a move to include Almutlaq Holding in the Saudi stock market to convert it from a closed-joint holding company into public company (Tong 550). This will enhance participation opportunities and financial securities for the Saudi citizens. However, in the future, the company plans to choose business areas carefully based on the new and existing economic and social development variables in order to provide quality produc ts and services to the consumers at reasonable costs depending on economic segments of society. The company’s mission is to â€Å"develop the idea of showing, production, sales, and the endless work to raise efficiency and professionalism† (Green and Madison 106) to enhance economic development of the kingdom. Based on this founding mission accompanied with the strong and professional supportive teams that manage its five vital departments (the IT department, the department of sales and marketing, procurement, accounting, and human resource), it has been registering a steady increase in sales and customers’ satisfaction. It has also opened new companies, City. W Saudi Arabia, Sudair Furniture Factory, Real Estate Investment, and Almutlaq Co. Ltd to supply international and local furniture. Therefore, the report details the activities undertaken during the internship training at Almutlaq Holding Company. The company attached its internship students to various dep artments depending on their areas of study. Having been attached to the accounting department, I had the pleasure to undertake the role of preparing financial statements, routine functions, inventory management, and promotion.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Company Description Almutlaq Holding, HQ – Olaya Main St., Opp. Alandalus Market Having been established under the name of Almutlaq Company Limited by Almutlaq in the mid 1960s, the Almutlaq Holding has been expanding gradually in its mission of manufacturing and selling furniture in the Arab Kingdom and the world at large. Under the management of commitment, loyal, and hardworking second-generation leaders, the company has gained a great reputation among local and global consumers (Green and Madison 109). Through the establishment of Real Estate Invest, Sudair Fur Factory, City Saudi Arabia, and Almutlaq Co. Ltd , the company specializes in the manufacturing and selling of home furnishings such as sofa sets and wooden cabinets to employees, retailers, wholesalers, and other manufacturers in the United Arab Kingdom. Figure 1 represents the organizational chart of Almutlaq Holding. It comprises the top management: the company CEO, CEO office manager, and the internal editor. Below the top management are five departments headed by the respective managers. Accounting department is headed by accounting manager working together with seven accountants responsible for managing the company’s finances. The commercial operations manager works in collaboration with Almutlaq Co. purchasing manager, warehouse general manager, city warehouse general manager, and the purchasing manager, as well as internal purchasing manager. Under the human resource manager, there are other staffs comprising one personnel manager, two personnel coordinators, and two government relation representatives.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Internship specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Under the leadership of IT manager are the programmer, ERP, systems and network administrators, and e-services manager. Marketing manager aided by the advertising manager, customer relations manager, and the photographer head the sales and marketing department. Functions of Different Departments The accounting department is responsible for routine functions such as recording transactions, reconciling bank statements, preparing interim and annual financial statements, securing the confidential accounting information, and carrying out inventory management (Kessler and Grant 129). The commercial operations department does not directly generate income into the company. However, its role is inevitable. The department carries out procurement activities, collects company’s support functions of other departments by enhancing collaborative working en vironment, fosters development, and implements the company mission, policies, and guidelines. Human resources department does the management of employee population such as â€Å"recruitment, training, compensation, employee benefits and relations, communications, and performance management† (Green and Madison 101). The information technology department in Almutlaq Holding updates its website besides providing IT support requirements to the company. The sales and marketing department carries out promotional activities as well as product definitions in terms of â€Å"color choices, package sizes, feature modifications, and even shifts to a new product line† (Kessler and Grant 130). The department is also charged with the responsibility of modifying the furniture according to preferences and quality demands. Besides, it receives and responds to customers’ feedbacks. Internship activities Working under the accounting department gave me a lot of impeccable experience to complement and apply my theoretical college knowledge into the real life situation. Having been ushered into the company by Ehab Dwedar, the accounting manager, and guided through by a team of professional accountants led by Abuobaidah Ahmed (my supervisor), I was at total ease carrying my specific tasks.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More I have the greatest pleasure to acknowledge the experience gained from Almutlaq Holding Company as diverse and very vital for my future career. I have experience in inventory management, recording transactions in the invoices, bills and vouchers, keeping bills and vouchers, collecting and monitoring debtors, reconciling bank statements with the company’s bank account, preparing trial balance, revenue statement, and balance sheet (Kessler and Grant 136). Through the help of Reda Zeid as the e-services manager, I have also gained experience in social media business promotions. In Almutlaq Holding Company, motivation of employees through training, offering transportation services to customers, giving warranties, evaluating customers’ needs and preferences, printing, and social media promotions enable the company to be more effective and efficient. How Al Yamamah University prepared me for the internship At the university, I have gone through a vigorous training in finance . The course enabled me to specialize in entrepreneurial finance and financial management, learning financial statement and ratio, investment analysis, valuation and sources of finance, venture capital, and business angel financing (Tong 534). Therefore, I developed knowledge of financial planning, investment and financial analyses plus income and cash flow statements, and balance sheets, which enabled me to effectively undertake and implement internship duties and responsibilities. Moreover, having learned how to prepare financial statements using secondary data at the University, I was able to relate my theoretical experience to the work at hand. An assessment of the internship My main responsibility at the Almutlaq Holding Company was to prepare the company’s financial statements such as trial balance, revenue statement, and balance sheet. However, to broaden the capacity in my field of study, I took the initiative of supplementing the role with other responsibilities. I w as also charged with the responsibility of recording transactions in the invoice, bills, and vouchers as well as keeping, collecting, and monitoring debtors, reconciling bank statements with the company’s bank account (Kessler and Grant 126). Besides, I was given the role of making and keeping stock of furniture, maintaining inventory books such as stock transfer and physical stock register. Working under accounting department gave me a lot of impeccable experience to complement and apply my theoretical college knowledge into real life situation. I have the greatest pleasure to acknowledge the experience gained from Almutlaq Holding Company as diverse and very vital for my future career. I have a firsthand experience in inventory management, business promotions, as well as preparing and managing financial statements, which are needed in business organizations. Conclusion Internship training is very vital in exposing a student to the real work environment because it does not o nly give experience to an individual. Rather, it supplements practical skills with skills, which I will not be able to acquire in classroom. The training also exposes one to more accounting and financial challenges thus providing relevant solutions that lead to a more technical expertise in the field of finance. During my financial training at Almutlaq Holding Company, I got a chance to work with its co-branches, City Saudi Arabia, Sudair Furniture Factory, and Real Estate Investment. Therefore, I was exposed to several activities within the financial discipline such as company routine functions, inventory managements, and preparing interim financial statements (Green and Madison 100). The skills and experience I acquired can enable me to work in any business venture. In addition, I acquired communication, organizational, leadership, and analytical skills, which have enabled me to realize that, at work, non-technical skills are equally very important. Most significantly, I experienc ed various activities associated to my career and professional development because I was able to apply my theoretical knowledge to accomplish practical tasks effectively. Works Cited Green, Brian, and Roland Madison. â€Å"An Exploratory Study of the Effect of Professional Internships on Students’ Perception of the Importance of Employment Traits.†Ã‚  Journal of Education for Business 86.2(2011): 100-110. Print. Kessler, Lara, and Rita Grant. â€Å"Internships as a Beneficial External Learning Environment: A Survey and Case Study of Accounting Interns and Employers.†Ã‚  International Journal of Learning 16.8(2009): 125-140. Print. Tong, David. â€Å"Negative Opinion of Company Environment Mediates Career Choice of Accountancy Students.† Education Training 54.6(2012): 534-557. Print. This report on Internship was written and submitted by user Korath to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How Sentence Combining Works

How Sentence Combining Works An alternative to traditional forms of grammar instruction, sentence combining gives students practice in manipulating a variety of basic sentence structures. Despite appearances, the goal of sentence combining is not to produce longer sentences but rather to develop more effective sentences  - and to help students become more versatile writers. How Sentence Combining Works Heres a simple example of how sentence combining works. Consider these three short sentences: The dancer was not tall.The dancer was not slender.The dancer was extremely elegant. By cutting out the needless repetition and adding a few conjunctions, we can combine these three short sentences into a single, more coherent sentence. We might write this, for instance: The dancer was not tall or slender, but she was extremely elegant. Or this: The dancer was neither tall nor slender but extremely elegant. Or even this: Neither tall nor slender, the dancer was extremely elegant nonetheless. Which version is grammatically correct? All three of them. Then which version is most effective? Now thats the right question. And the answer depends on several factors, beginning with the context in which the sentence appears. The Rise, Fall, and Return of Sentence Combining As a method of teaching writing, sentence combining grew out of studies in transformational-generative grammar and was popularized in the 1970s by researchers and teachers such as Frank OHare  and William Strong. Around the same time, interest in sentence combining was heightened by other emerging sentence-level pedagogies, especially the generative rhetoric of the sentence advocated by Francis and Bonniejean Christensen. In recent years, after a period of neglect (a period when researchers, as Robert J. Connors has noted, did not like or trust exercises of any kind), sentence combining has made a comeback in many composition classrooms. Whereas in the 1980s, as Connors says, it was no longer enough to report that sentence-combining worked if no one could specify why it worked, research has now caught up with practice: [T]he preponderance of writing instruction research shows that systematic practice in combining and expanding sentences may increase students repertoire of syntactic structures and may also improve the quality of their sentences, when stylistic effects are discussed as well. Thus, sentence combining and expansion are viewed as a primary (and accepted) writing instructional approach, one that has emerged from research findings holding that a sentence combining approach is far superior to traditional grammar instruction.(Carolyn Carter, The Absolute Minimum Any Educator Should Know Teach Students About the Sentence, iUniverse, 2003)

Foundation Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Foundation Business Management - Essay Example These leaders create a winning field through effective planning, decision making and team working thereby rendering productivity in each of the different business units of the company. Thus McDonald’s works on the management model of employee empowerment in empowering the individuals to take business and customer servicing decisions on their own (Daft and Marcic 441). Management Structure The organizational or management structure of the firm reflected large amount of decentralization which is focused in the Organic Approach. The organic approach reflects that organizations working in a decentralized fashion turns all the more complex in nature. It is observed that McDonald’s through the decentralized approach helped the individual business units to become business leaders on their own. These units spread along various regions of the world need to be managed in an integrated fashion by the central head quarters of the company. These units also differentiated largely bas ed on varying tastes and cultures and hence needed to mutually adjust their needs so as to fit the corporate culture of the business organization. Henceforth it is observed that the organic structure of McDonald’s is highly complex and decentralized in fashion. Further the units in such management structure become highly differentiated and thus needs to be closely integrated with the corporate philosophy (Hill and Jones, 427). Culture of the Company The culture of McDonald’s are composed of a diversified variety of people belonging to different regions of the world. Diversified organizational culture also emanates owing to the varying tastes of the consumers pertaining to such regions. The company in order to address the needs of such people belonging to diversified cultures is found to change their organizational policies. Thus the company changes both the product and servicing policies in order to fit both the western and Asian cultures in a simultaneous fashion (Sta nford). Mercedes Benz Model of Management Mercedes Benz mainly operates based on the philosophy of management innovation. The company in order to gain enhanced market share in the different nations works to innovate newer business processes and to produce newer designs. The process of innovation helps the company to meet the changing needs of the consumers and thereby adapts to the changing scenarios and periods. Working on the innovation process the company decided to open up overseas branches and also incorporated the business model of acquiring other automobile firms in foreign countries. These policies and innovative models helped in enhancing the potential of the automobile manufacturer to compete effectively while operating in foreign countries (Albaum, Duerr and Strandskov 48). Management Structure The study of organizational philosophy of Mercedes Benz reflects that the organization renders increased priority to the model of innovation. The company through the model of innov ation works in meeting the changing needs of the consumers based along different periods and regions. Mercedes Benz to foster such innovation works on a decentralized fashion. The people pertaining to the different units are granted the power to make

Biostatestics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Biostatestics - Assignment Example a) The authors concluded about their study that use of gastric banding compared with lifestyle intervention resulted in a greater percentage achieving a loss of 50% of excess weight, corrected for age among obese adolescent participants. They further noted that there were associated benefits to health and quality of life (OBrien, et al., 2010). c) The major concern of the media watch program was the appropriateness of gastric banding for obese children. The media release of the results and authors did not say much about the adverse effects of the gastric banding procedure. The review further questioned the independence of the research study since Allergan Health their major source of funding doubles as the manufacturer of the gastric bands which were used in the study (Media Watch). d) 4% of the participants in the Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding group dropped out of the study whereas 28% of the participants in the Lifestyle group dropped out of the study (OBrien, et al.,

Story of an Hour Essay Example for Free

Story of an Hour Essay â€Å"Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin is a story that reveals the true life of women during the victorian era. This tale is of a woman who is not upset about her husband’s passing and describes Mrs. Mallard’s inner conflicts. Throughout the story Chopin uses irony and metaphor to illustrate the message of women’s freedom. Kate Chopin also uses these literary devices for the audience to understand the nuances and ambiguities used in the story to portray women’s freedom. In the story Kate Chopin uses irony in her story to build suspense and thinking. She states, â€Å"the face that had never looked save with love upon her, fixed, and gray and dead.† This quote has foreshadowing but if you think about and analyze it closer you realize that its irony. The irony in this quote is when she states â€Å"dead†;Mrs. Mallard is not yet dead. With this quote Kate Chopin is trying to illustrate how Mrs. Mallard is ending up minute by minute. Nuances are the simple differences in the story. When you read the â€Å"Story of an Hour,† you have to pay close attention to the smallest detail even a period. For example in page 636 paragraph two she uses quotation marks on the word killed. Those quotation mark make the word â€Å"killed† make you think twice when you read it. Quotation marks are not used on words unless its something important. The nuance used in this word makes the word become foreshadowing, indicate forehand, do to the death of Mr. Mallard. â€Å"Story of an Hour,† contains metaphor to portray the theme of women’s freedom. For example Kate Chopin states, â€Å"There were patches of blue sky showing here and there through the clouds that had met and piled one above the other in the west facing her window.† In this quote you need to read between the lines, look closely and rethink what you have read. Chopin is making a vivid picture in the audience head so you can picture the â€Å"patches of blue sky.† This patches are being seen as hope and this is where metaphor takes place. In this short story a lot has happen and throughout every sentence there’s some ambiguity showing up. The quote of â€Å"patches of blue sky† can symbolize different things. For example, this can be foreshadowing that something good is going to happen because the sky’s brighting up. This represents her life lighting up as well; everything is going to change and she’s going to be her own. Women’s freedom thats what every women wanted during the victorian era. In the â€Å"Story of an Hour,† we find that good can be evil. We all think that a women’s dream is to get married and have a perfect family but to the generations before us thats not what they wanted. In the beginning of the story it seems that Mrs. Mallard would be depressed about her husband’s death but in reality she is happy because all the years to come she’s going to own them not her husband.

Attribution of Intentionality and Theory of Mind in Pre-school and Scho

The ability of understanding intentions of others is very important for social development of children (Feinfield, Lee, Flavell, Green, & Flavell, 1999). By means of understanding intentions children can make sense of that people and animates are different from objects (Feinfield, et al., 1999). According to Shantz (1983), this ability is the requisite to understand morality and responsibility. To understand plans and planning we also need to have the ability of understanding intentions (Feinfield, et al., 1999). In addition, Feinfield and colleagues stated that acquiring the ability of understanding intentions of others is also important for the cognitive development of the children such as theory of mind (ToM) that is â€Å"the understanding that others have beliefs, intentions and desires different from one’s own† (Kelly, 2011; p. 5). For these stated reasons many researchers have conducted various studies about the ability of understanding intentions of others. Seve ral studies were carried out to determine when children begin to develop the ability of understanding intentions, which factors have an impact on this ability, how these factors influence the intention attribution and what the role of intention attribution plays for the associations between cognitive capacities and moral reasoning. One of the factors that are related to development of understanding intentions of others is theory of mind competence of the children (Kelly, 2011). Therefore, there are various researches that examined the development of understanding of intentions, its relations with ToM, direction of the relation and the role of the intention attribution as a sphere between ToM and moral judgment. In the present paper, the review of 9 studies that inves... ...ct Effect Theory of Mind and Moral Judgment. Psychological Science, 17(5), 421-427. Loureiro, Carolina Piazzarollo, & Souza, Debora de Hollanda. (2013). The Relationship between Theory of Mind and Moral Development in Preschool Children. Paidà ©ia (Ribeirà £o Preto), 23(54), 93-101. Phillips, W., Baron†Cohen, S., & Rutter, M. (1998). Understanding intention in normal development and in autism. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 16(3), 337-348. Shantz, (1983). Social cognition. In J. H. Flavell & E. M. Markman (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology, Vol. 3: Cognitive Development, 4th edition. (pp. 495– 555). New York: Wiley. Smetana, J. G., Jambon, M., Conry-Murray, C., & Sturge-Apple, M. L. (2012). Reciprocal associations between young children's developing moral judgments and theory of mind. Developmental psychology, 48(4), 1144.

Attribution of Intentionality and Theory of Mind in Pre-school and Scho

The ability of understanding intentions of others is very important for social development of children (Feinfield, Lee, Flavell, Green, & Flavell, 1999). By means of understanding intentions children can make sense of that people and animates are different from objects (Feinfield, et al., 1999). According to Shantz (1983), this ability is the requisite to understand morality and responsibility. To understand plans and planning we also need to have the ability of understanding intentions (Feinfield, et al., 1999). In addition, Feinfield and colleagues stated that acquiring the ability of understanding intentions of others is also important for the cognitive development of the children such as theory of mind (ToM) that is â€Å"the understanding that others have beliefs, intentions and desires different from one’s own† (Kelly, 2011; p. 5). For these stated reasons many researchers have conducted various studies about the ability of understanding intentions of others. Seve ral studies were carried out to determine when children begin to develop the ability of understanding intentions, which factors have an impact on this ability, how these factors influence the intention attribution and what the role of intention attribution plays for the associations between cognitive capacities and moral reasoning. One of the factors that are related to development of understanding intentions of others is theory of mind competence of the children (Kelly, 2011). Therefore, there are various researches that examined the development of understanding of intentions, its relations with ToM, direction of the relation and the role of the intention attribution as a sphere between ToM and moral judgment. In the present paper, the review of 9 studies that inves... ...ct Effect Theory of Mind and Moral Judgment. Psychological Science, 17(5), 421-427. Loureiro, Carolina Piazzarollo, & Souza, Debora de Hollanda. (2013). The Relationship between Theory of Mind and Moral Development in Preschool Children. Paidà ©ia (Ribeirà £o Preto), 23(54), 93-101. Phillips, W., Baron†Cohen, S., & Rutter, M. (1998). Understanding intention in normal development and in autism. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 16(3), 337-348. Shantz, (1983). Social cognition. In J. H. Flavell & E. M. Markman (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology, Vol. 3: Cognitive Development, 4th edition. (pp. 495– 555). New York: Wiley. Smetana, J. G., Jambon, M., Conry-Murray, C., & Sturge-Apple, M. L. (2012). Reciprocal associations between young children's developing moral judgments and theory of mind. Developmental psychology, 48(4), 1144.

Attribution of Intentionality and Theory of Mind in Pre-school and Scho

The ability of understanding intentions of others is very important for social development of children (Feinfield, Lee, Flavell, Green, & Flavell, 1999). By means of understanding intentions children can make sense of that people and animates are different from objects (Feinfield, et al., 1999). According to Shantz (1983), this ability is the requisite to understand morality and responsibility. To understand plans and planning we also need to have the ability of understanding intentions (Feinfield, et al., 1999). In addition, Feinfield and colleagues stated that acquiring the ability of understanding intentions of others is also important for the cognitive development of the children such as theory of mind (ToM) that is â€Å"the understanding that others have beliefs, intentions and desires different from one’s own† (Kelly, 2011; p. 5). For these stated reasons many researchers have conducted various studies about the ability of understanding intentions of others. Seve ral studies were carried out to determine when children begin to develop the ability of understanding intentions, which factors have an impact on this ability, how these factors influence the intention attribution and what the role of intention attribution plays for the associations between cognitive capacities and moral reasoning. One of the factors that are related to development of understanding intentions of others is theory of mind competence of the children (Kelly, 2011). Therefore, there are various researches that examined the development of understanding of intentions, its relations with ToM, direction of the relation and the role of the intention attribution as a sphere between ToM and moral judgment. In the present paper, the review of 9 studies that inves... ...ct Effect Theory of Mind and Moral Judgment. Psychological Science, 17(5), 421-427. Loureiro, Carolina Piazzarollo, & Souza, Debora de Hollanda. (2013). The Relationship between Theory of Mind and Moral Development in Preschool Children. Paidà ©ia (Ribeirà £o Preto), 23(54), 93-101. Phillips, W., Baron†Cohen, S., & Rutter, M. (1998). Understanding intention in normal development and in autism. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 16(3), 337-348. Shantz, (1983). Social cognition. In J. H. Flavell & E. M. Markman (Eds.), Handbook of Child Psychology, Vol. 3: Cognitive Development, 4th edition. (pp. 495– 555). New York: Wiley. Smetana, J. G., Jambon, M., Conry-Murray, C., & Sturge-Apple, M. L. (2012). Reciprocal associations between young children's developing moral judgments and theory of mind. Developmental psychology, 48(4), 1144.

London in “Composed Upon Westminster Bridge” and “London” Essay

William Blake and William Wordsworth were both key figures of the Romantic era. Characterized by its emphasis on passion, emotion and creativity, the Romantic Movement occurred in Europe in the late eighteenth, and early nineteenth centuries. Blake’s â€Å"London†(1794) and Wordsworth’s â€Å"Composed upon Westminster Bridge†(1803) are good examples of poems from the Romantic era, as both poets share a sense of emotional involvement in their works. However, similarities between the two do not extend beyond their common theme: London. Blake’s dark and bitter portrayal of the city contrasts sharply with Wordsworth’s awe-struck account of a sunrise viewed from Westminster Bridge. Contrasts can be found in all aspects of the two poems, and both poets used a variety of techniques to effectively express their very different feelings about the sights and sounds of London. The tone in Blake’s London is one of bitterness and negativity, with him using such words as â€Å"weakness† and â€Å"woe†. The theme of the poem is a wide description of London, but also specifically focuses upon the people and how they live their lives. The human aspect of the poem is introduced early on with â€Å"in every face†. The poet has a very subtle approach at getting his message of corruption across to the reader, but the feeling that is received from the poem is one of a strong nature. London consists of four quatrains (four line alternately rhyming stanzas), with relatively short lines, emphasising the lack of embellishment and emotion in the poem. There is a rigid structure and rhyme scheme throughout the poem. The rhyme scheme is clear (ABAB CDCD EFEF GHGH) and the rhyme itself is strong, rhyming such words as â€Å"curse† and â€Å"hearse† together, thus corresponding with Blake’s harsh views on London life. Blake uses iambic pentameter, except for the third quatrain, where dactylic pentameter is used instead. This gives the poem a strong and steady rhythm as it is read, which helps to emphasise the monotony and duty of the lives Blake describes. The language is relatively easy to understand, and is not archaic, for example â€Å"in every city of every man†. However, some language is used that is not in use in the present day e.g. â€Å"woe†, â€Å"blights† and â€Å"harlot†. The language is surprisingly accessible for a poem that was written over two hundred years ago. Many emotive words are used such as â€Å"cry†, â€Å"fear†, â€Å"blood† and â€Å"plagues†. Use of the word plague would have been particularly strong at the time of writing, as the poem was written only 150 years after the Great Plague itself. Blake uses lots of adjectives e.g. â€Å"youthful Harlot† and â€Å"hapless soldier†, giving a clear picture of what he thinks London is about. The imagery that is used is mainly human, â€Å"hapless soldier’s sigh† for example. When reading the poem, a clear picture is depicted of London without referring directly to London, but instead through the description of people and sounds. Lots of sound imagery is used: â€Å"I hear† is mentioned twice, the word â€Å"cry† is repeated three times and there is a â€Å"soldier’s sigh†. Also, by describing the human situation, Blake leads the reader to infer that London is not a very nice place, because, for example, there are â€Å"youthful harlots†, which demonstrate how innocent youth has been corrupted by the city. This is also evident when it says † every infant’s cry of fear†. The soldier’s sigh, which â€Å"runs on blood down palace walls† is Blake’s way of exposing the guilt and responsibility of the wealthy (palace), ruling classes. Repetition is used a lot: â€Å"every† is used five times, to emphasise the negative situation that Blake is alluding to is widespread and affects everyone. The use of the word â€Å"cry† three times to stress sadness and desperation of the situation. The repetition of lines five to seven ensures that the reader is aware of the seriousness of the situation Blake is describing. The punctuation in the poem is quite simple. Stanzas end with an end – stopped line. Full stops and commas are used widely, but no exclamation marks. Simplistic punctuation and lack of embellishment adds to the cold, realistic portrait of Blake’s London. An elision is an omission of letters to aid rhythm. Blake uses a lot of elisions: † I wander thro’ â€Å", † each chart’d street â€Å". This demonstrates the importance of rigid structure and rhythm to the sense of this poem. In Wordsworth’s Composed Upon Westminster Bridge the tone is positive and there is a sense of awe and respect for the city demonstrated by the use of such words as â€Å"majesty† and â€Å"splendour† in the poem. The general theme of the poem is again of London, but this time focussing on aestheticism, nature and architecture, which can be seen from the view from Westminster Bridge at dawn. Composed Upon Westminster Bridge is a sonnet. The rhyme scheme used is ABBA ABBA DEDEDE. The rhyme is generally clear and regular, although Wordsworth does use para-rhyme in lines two and three: â€Å"Dull would he be of soul who could pass by A sight so touching in its majesty† Although the rhyme scheme is regular, Composed Upon Westminster Bridge does not feature any apparent rhythm pattern, and the poem has an almost prose-like quality, which makes the reader think of the natural, flowing, harmonious images Wordsworth is describing. Wordsworth’s language is in places quite old fashioned: â€Å"This city now doth, like a garment ,wear The beauty of the morning† The language is also more elaborate than Blake’s, for example, Blake’s â€Å"Thames does flow†, whereas according to Wordsworth: â€Å"The river glideth at his own sweet will† Wordsworth’s language is also very emotive e.g. â€Å"majesty†, â€Å"splendour† and â€Å"mighty heart†, and he uses a lot of adjectives, e.g. â€Å"smokeless air†, â€Å"bright† and â€Å"glittering†. Wordsworth uses a lot of natural imagery in the poem e.g. â€Å"Earth has not a thing to show more fair†, â€Å"the beauty of the morning†, â€Å"the fields† and â€Å"the sky†. This helps to convey a sense of harmony between the urban and the natural. Further, through personification and pathetic fallacy, Wordsworth is able to give human characteristics to the city, adding to the sense that London is a living organism, a part of the natural environment. Personification is evident in lines four to five: â€Å"This city doth, like a garment, wear The beauty of the morning† In lines nine to ten: â€Å"Never did sun more beautifully steep in his first splendour† In line thirteen † the very houses seem asleep†. In the last line of the poem, Wordsworth speaks of the â€Å"mighty heart† of the city, which further adds to the sense that London is a living organism. Pathetic fallacy can be seen in line twelve, â€Å"The river glideth at his own sweet will†. Wordsworth uses a lot of enjambment: â€Å"Dull would he be of soul who could pass by A sight so touching in its majesty† This lends a smooth, flowing and gentle quality to the poem, and supports the emphasis placed upon nature in the poem. Similes are also used, e.g. the morning is described as being â€Å"like a garment†. In this way, Wordsworth is able to detract from the commonly held idea that London is grim and threatening, and instead promote the idea that the city is friendlier and more harmonised with nature. Wordsworth also uses contrasts to emphasise this harmony: â€Å"Ships, towers, domes , theatres, and temples lie Open unto the fields, and to the sky†. Use of punctuation in this poem is very interesting. Wordsworth only uses one full stop throughout, preferring instead semi-colons and commas, all of which help the poem to run smoothly. The poem also features three exclamation marks, which help to exaggerate the central idea. This effect is amplified by the inclusion of the expression â€Å"Dear God!†. All this helps Wordsworth to express how strongly he feels about London. The differences between these two poems are clear. For example, whereas Blake’s tone is dark and bitter, Wordsworth’s is awe-struck and celebratory. Differences also arise in terms of the theme or central idea of each poem. London deals with the human aspect of the city. It is set at night, and virtually ignores the environment of London. In this way, Blake is able to highlight the effect the city has on its people, and, by leaving the city itself undescribed, emphasises its position as a cold, uncaring place. In contrast, Wordsworth focuses entirely on the aesthetics of London at dawn, and the relationship between the urban environment and nature. By removing the human aspect of the city, Wordsworth can ignore the difficult lives of its people (as described by Blake) and concentrate solely on the physical and natural aspects instead (note the ‘smokeless air’). The two poems are also structured differently, and feature variations in terms of rhythm and rhyme. Composed Upon Westminster Bridge is a sonnet, with a generally clear rhyme scheme and no apparent rhythm pattern. By using a single stanza, and an almost prose-like style, Wordsworth is able to express a flowing, smooth quality, mirroring the free, unrestrained natural aspects he deals with in the poem. London, on the other hand, features four quatrains, and is rigidly structured in terms of rhythm and rhyme. This allows Blake to highlight the monotony of the lives he discusses in the poem, and reflects the sense of duty and lack of free will involved in the struggles faced by the city’s inhabitants (note the inclusion of a ‘soldier’, some one with no control over his own life). Blake’s language is generally simple and easily comprehensible. By avoiding the elaborate language preferred by Wordsworth, Blake emphasises the lack of hope or joy in his city. Wordsworth, in contrast, favours a very convoluted style of language, which adds to the celebratory mood of the poem. In both cases, the poets use language to effectively convey their opinions about London. Also, both poets use a lot of adjectives, which is characteristic of the involved, creative style of the Romantics. Imagery is central to both poems. However, Blake and Wordsworth use different methods to create a detailed picture of London for the reader. Wordsworth chooses to concentrate on natural, familiar images, and through the personification of these natural images, gives London a softer, less threatening identity. Blake chooses to paint a picture of London by describing the sounds which can be heard, and by giving details of the people that live there. Interestingly, Blake is able to give a very comprehensive image of London, without discussing the city directly. In this way, London is portrayed as nothing more then an influence on its people. Blake, unlike Wordsworth, does not see the city as an organism in its own right, and this is emphasised by his use of imagery. Finally, literary devices: both Blake and Wordsworth employ clever use of literary techniques to aid the expression of their feelings towards London. Wordsworth uses enjambment to give Composed Upon Westminster Bridge a flowing, natural feel, and punctuation is used to maximise the celebratory tone (i.e. only one full-stop, use of exclamation marks). Blake uses repetition to emphasise his idea of the monotonous hardship and misery of the people of London. His use of simple, unembellished punctuation helps to further convey this idea, by highlighting the rigidity and restriction which govern the lives of London’s inhabitants. Elisions are frequently employed to aid the rhythm, which demonstrates the importance of a rigid structure to the sense of London, in complete contrast with Composed Upon Westminster Bridge. Although London and Composed Upon Westminster Bridge both deal with the subject of London at a similar time in history, they share very little common ground beyond this. Blake’s grim, desperate city seems a million miles away from Wordsworth’s elaborate celebration of a city at dawn. Although both poets use similar techniques to express their very different feelings about the sights and sounds of London, these techniques, such as imagery and literary devices, give different effects in each poem, depending on how they have been used. These two poems may seem to be very similar, but Blake and Wordsworth have used lots of different methods to demonstrate beyond doubt their very different feelings about the sights and sounds of London.

Feminine Narrative in Alice Walkers The Color Purple Essay

In the past two centuries, western mainstream cultures have subscribed to the belief that crying is commonly associated with femininity, regardless of one’s gender (Warhol 182). A considerable amount of literature, including Alice Walker’s The Color Purple, has been considered by critics as effectively using â€Å"narrative techniques† to make readers cry (Warhol 183). Emphasizing on these matters, Robyn R. Warhol, the author of â€Å"Narration Produces Gender: Femininity as Affect and Effect in Alice Walker’s The Color Purple†, analyzes the usefulness of the novel’s narration approaches, focusing on the meaning of Nettie’s letters to Celie and especially the fairy-tale unity in Celie’s last letter. Using The Color Purple as illustrated example,†¦show more content†¦Even more meaningful than the established fortune that Celie inherits from her birth-father and promising future of her pant-making business, Celie’s unity with her lover Shug, her sister Nettie, her children and with others whom she treasures, including her husband Albert whom she has forgiven, are the factors that produce â€Å"good cry† (186). The beginning of this letter, where Celie’s address to â€Å"[†¦] God, [†¦] stars, [†¦] trees, [†¦] sky, [†¦] peoples, [†¦] everything† gives Warhol the belief that even the novel’s audience is included in this celebration of happiness (Walker 291). In the end, Warhol crowns this fairy-tale happy ending as the most cry-worthy moment of this novel. This supports her previous argument that â€Å"the ‘good cry’ is much more often evoked by scenes of triumph than by scenes of sadness† (183). In consideration of â€Å"narrative techniques†, Robyn R. Warhol draws attention to the novel’s treatment of â€Å"internal focalization† and defines it as the way of disclosing narrator’s â€Å"pe rceptions (visions, thoughts, feeling, etc.)† through the novel’s narration (183). The Color Purple takes form of an epistolary fiction, where Celie and Nettie take turns being narrator. Factor found to be influencing this form of novel is the representation of the narrator as being suffered by other characters’ oppression. Warhol points out the importance of developing from the readers’ identification with â€Å"suffering characters†Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Color Purple 1043 Words   |  5 PagesErin Malkow 4-9-17 WST. In this essay, I am going to analyze the intersectionality of oppression in Alice Walkers novel, The Color Purple. I am going to show how the political categories of race, sexuality and gender play a role throughout. I am also going to discuss Walker’s own term, â€Å"Womanism† and how that plays throughout the story. 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